What did the Smoot-Hawley tariff aim to do?

The Smoot-Hawley Tariff, enacted in 1930, aimed to protect American businesses by imposing high tariffs on a wide range of imported goods. The intention behind this legislation was to shield domestic industries from foreign competition during a time of economic crisis, particularly in the wake of the Great Depression. By making imported goods more expensive, the U.S. government sought to encourage consumers to buy American-made products, thereby supporting local businesses and preserving jobs.

While the tariff was designed with the intention of bolstering the American economy, it ultimately led to retaliatory tariffs from other countries, which further exacerbated global economic difficulties. The focus on protecting American businesses is what distinguishes this option as the correct answer regarding the main goal of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff. The other choices do not accurately reflect the primary purpose of the legislation, as increasing trade, funding foreign aid programs, or reducing federal spending were not central objectives behind this tariff measure.